Styrmir Hallsson, Sæmundur Rögnvaldsson and Ingibjörg Gunnarsdóttir
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is an asymptomatic precursor disorder to multiple myeloma (MM) and other related lymphoproliferative diseases. Little is known about the aetiology of MGUS and the literature about the role of diet in MGUS is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between diet and MGUS and see whether diet could increase or decrease the risk of MGUS.
FFQ was sent out to participants from the iStopMM study. Out of 75,422 eligible individuals, 27,217, out of which 1020 had MGUS at screening, answered the FFQ.
A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to obtain dietary patterns. Odds of having MGUS were then assessed by individual adherence to the different dietary patterns.
Five dietary patterns were obtained from the PCA covering a total of 24.6% of the total variance in the correlation matrix. These patterns were named “fruit & vegetable pattern”, “red meat pattern”, “sweet tooth pattern”, and “bread pattern”, “fish meal pattern”.
None of the identified dietary patterns were associated with having MGUS at screening.
High consumption of dairy products was associated with increased odds of IgA MGUS. The odds ratio for the highest percentile group of dairy consumption (>10 servings per week) was 1.96 (95% CI 1.13-3.55, p-value 0.02) in a model adjusted for age, sex, weekly physical activity, and education level. Lowest consumption group was used as a reference for all analyses.
